hemorrhage (bleeding) = leakage of blood from the vessels into the tissue, body cavities or externally. blood types & causes
first Zerreißungsblutungen [are localized vascular damage caused by trauma and / or arrodierende (creeping) Processes.]
arrodierende processes can be ...
inflammation
... ... ... ulcers
tuberculosis caverns
tumors
... ... ... pathogens
enzymatic digestion
pathological vascular changes can be ...
... varicose veins ...
atherosclerosis
aneurysms ... ...
medial necrosis of the aorta
Zerreißblutungen be favored by the clinical picture of hypertension. second Passage bleeding [are local or generalized vascular damage, and no tear of the vessel but lesion of the endothelium . Blood components are passive "pushed out";. Minimal bleeding]
lesions of the endothelium may be caused by ...
... hypoxia (O 2 - deficiency)
... toxic damage (snake venoms, fungi ,...)
... toxic effects of pathogens
... Vitamin C deficiency (scurvy
)
designation the hemorrhage according to their location
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hematoma = large localized mass of blood in the tissue, with swelling
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Suggilation = not sharply defined bloody infiltration of the tissue, because where skin bone is
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hemorrhagic infarction = hemorrhage in an internal organ with subsequent necrosis
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apoplexy cerebral hemorrhage or cerebral infarction =
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hemoptysis = cough of blood from pulmonary hemorrhage
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hematemesis = blood vomiting
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melena = blood discharge in stool
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hematuria = blood supply in the urine
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menorrhagia = excessive menstrual bleeding
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metrorrhagia = uterine bleeding (not menstrual)
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hematosalpinx = blood in the fallopian tube
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hemothorax = blood in the pleural space
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hemopericardium = blood in the pericardium (hence compression of the atria)
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Hämatoperitoneum = blood in the peritoneal cavity
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hemarthrosis = blood in the joint capsule
episodes of bleeding
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extensive acute blood loss leading cause shock
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